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2024年10月19日 (土) 14:32時点における最新版
Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression
Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they aren't the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy can also be effective treatments.
Certain antidepressants, including SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also help with anxiety. Other medications, like histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also help relieve anxiety.
Antidepressants
Your doctor could prescribe Medication For Anxiety Disorder And Depression to treat depression. Antidepressants, among the most frequently prescribed medications, come in many different kinds. The type of antidepressant that your doctor prescribes will be based on your symptoms, other medical conditions, and the goals of your treatment.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by altering the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. They do this by increasing the quantity of certain neurotransmitters that enhances mood and anxiety. It can take up to several weeks for antidepressants to begin working, so be patient.
Benzodiazepines can also be prescribed by your physician to treat depression or anxiety. These medications are fast-acting and can be used to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms within a short amount of time. Examples of benzodiazepines are lorazepam and alprazolam. They block the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones involved in the fight or flight response.
Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a type of antidepressant which can also be effective in treating anxiety disorder behaviors and depression. They are usually reserved for those who don't respond to other antidepressants. They require changes in diet to prevent hypertensive reactions caused by interactions with the amino acid tyramine.
Tell your doctor if are taking an antidepressant with a prescription. This includes vitamins and other supplements. You may have to decrease the dosage if other medications are affecting how well antidepressants work, or if you experience negative side effects. Seek help immediately if you are thinking of suicide.
You may have different symptoms for depression and anxiety, or you may have comorbid depression and anxiety. Patients with comorbid depression as well as anxiety have a poorer medical outlook than those who have either disorder alone. Certain psychiatric drugs have been shown to be particularly helpful in treating both disorders for people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression.
Benzodiazepines
Anxiety symptoms can be alleviated by benzodiazepines. These include alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications affect the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors, which are protein molecules consisting of 5 transmembrane subunits that create a benzyl-chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine receptors also have a site that binds the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines work by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles.
Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset however, they also carry a high risk of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants along with anticonvulsants and buspirone have a slower time of action, however they are still beneficial medicine for social anxiety disorder long-term use because they do not produce tolerance or create addiction.
Depression and anxiety disorders are often co-occurring, and antidepressants may help reduce depressive symptoms that are associated with anxiety. Many people with depression have an amalgamation of depressive and anxious symptoms. They will need to mix medication and talk therapy in order to control their symptoms.
In these instances benzodiazepines can be utilized for a short period of time to treat depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications are in effect. Typically, these medications are prescribed for only a few weeks at a time, and are not taken daily. These medicines should not be used for extended periods of time because they can cause withdrawal symptoms like shaking or difficulty sleeping.
Inform your doctor if you have ever had issues with substance abuse, dependence or mental health. Your doctor can discuss possible side effects and recommend other treatment options for your depression, if necessary.
If you've never used benzodiazepines before, or if you are taking them in excess, they can cause serious and even fatal complications. If you are pregnant or nursing or have a history of liver disease or respiratory or digestive issues or liver disease your doctor may reduce the duration of treatment or recommend lower doses. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of adverse effects and dependence, so you should avoid drinking alcohol while you are taking them.
Beta-blockers
Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than benzodiazepines like Xanax, and they are able to block receptors that adrenaline binds. They also reduce brain and nervous system activity. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines, which are more prone to the risk of addiction and dependence.
Beta blockers, that reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are often prescribed to treat heart ailments. They can also be helpful for treating anxiety. They aren't FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. These medications are used "off-label" to treat anxiety disorders. They are a great alternative when other antianxiety medications aren't working or have undesirable adverse side negative effects. They are particularly efficient in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where uncomfortable symptoms can arise in situations that cause anxiety.
They can also be employed in combination with other treatment modalities like CBT or SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an additional therapy for those with GAD, which is characterized by frequent and persistent worry that affects daily activities. They can also assist in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart or increased sweating.
Beta-blockers may help reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not solve the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are best used to complement other treatments, like benzodiazepines or SSRIs. It is anxiety a disorder important to discuss your medical history and other health concerns with your doctor before taking beta-blockers.
These drugs are associated with reduced psychiatric admissions and suicidal behaviors, however the results may differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnosis and the psychiatric history of the past. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients.
There are a few natural ingredients that contain beta-blocker-like properties but they are not as effective as prescription drugs. These include antioxidants, garlic, the saffron plant, and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't completely understood. Certain of these products can cause serious side-effects, so it is recommended to consult with a physician before taking these supplements.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way your brain works. They block an enzyme called monoamine oxide, which breaks down chemicals like norepinephrine, serotonin and other chemicals that allow brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and improves your mood.
These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorders. This includes agoraphobia mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety, and they may not help with a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their capacity to increase dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine levels within the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced in your body and released into the bloodstream, where they are transported to nerve cells and function as messengers between neurons.
The first antidepressant that was developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, that inhibited monoamine oxide. This led to other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, and fluoxetine, that are used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause interactions with food and drugs and can lead to a severe withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly, MAOIs are typically only used for patients who fail to respond to other treatments.
A newer version of MAOI, dubbed a selective and irreversible MAO-A inhibitor, is being investigated cure for anxiety disorder use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder as it may cause manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar), is being studied for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not affect other enzymes that break down levodopa, the main treatment for Parkinson's. These drugs can be taken either on their own or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can cause hyperreflexia and increased neuromuscular excitation in certain patients. This can manifest as eyelid twitching, as well as other symptoms. These reactions may be more common if these drugs are taken along with certain food items like aged cheeses or preserved meats.