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coffee Beans types Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee you're probably aware that different beans have different flavor profiles. Learn about four of the most common varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor profile, and are often used in blends of coffee to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee with 75% of the world's coffee bean to cup coffee beans production. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter taste than Robusta, and come in a variety profiles. The aroma and taste of a particular cheap coffee beans can vary significantly based on the growing conditions and processing methods employed to produce it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized by eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee spread quickly all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and flourish in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique specialty coffees that can be used in many different brewing techniques. Blending can control the aroma, flavor and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is typically used to create an even and balanced taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second-most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against diseases and pests. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process of coffee and create undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, and can thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

Although it might seem odd Robusta beans are frequently blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there is also some robusta.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, the majority of roasters use mix the two varieties to cut costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor, you should choose an excellent bean from a trusted source. The best way to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a unique aroma that is floral and fruity with smoky undertones. They are paired with other coffee bean types to give them a more rounded and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. Online, you can buy seeds from numerous sources. However, it is ideal to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was once classified as a separate species, but it has since been classified as a Liberica variant. The coffee beans that are oval in shape grow on large coffee plants, which can grow to 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique flavor is sweet and tart, making them a popular option for blends made at home. They have a less pronounced flavor and lower caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta, yet they're the fourth most popular. In fact, they were considered distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were changed to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Nowadays, they're grown mostly in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped like a teardrop and are dark and mysterious in taste. They're often used in blends to add extra body and a rich, tart, ripened fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are known for having the most delicious taste. They grow best at high altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They also have a hint of acidity. If properly roasted and brewed they may have notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee worldwide, and accounts for about 40% of all coffee consumed globally. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet they contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

Now that you know the four most common types of coffee beans now is the time to pick your ideal coffee. If you're looking for a silky mild flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.